PRESENTED BY : RIZWAN AARIF رضوان عارف

Transcription

1 PRESENTED BY : RIZWAN AARIF رضوان عارف

2 Abstract Introduction Advantages Attributes of MM Fonts Dimensions of MM Fonts Using MM fonts with TEX Interpolating Multiple Master Fonts Designing MM fonts Application Support Legacy of MM Fonts Drawbacks MMF font to OpenType Fonts

3 What is MMF? An extension to Adobe Systems Type 1 PostScript fonts. First released in It contains two or more masters (i.e original font styles) within a single font file. Enables the users to interpolate between these masters along a continuous axis. Generated from a multiple master typefaces. Maximum number of master design allowed is 16.

4 Advantages of MMF Freedom to create unlimited number of instances of a font. The integrity of the character glyphs is retained when generating its instances. A font designer can choose intermediate between two styles. He can generate a range of weights and styles very quickly.

5 Masters Vs Instances Masters What you Draw Inputs for creating interpolations. Instances What the computer calculates The result of the interpolation. Fig 1.

6 Attributes of MMF Weight Width Light Regular Bold Extra Bold Compressed E x t e n d e d The result from a MMF are superior as compared to software. By software, vertical strokes will be proportionally thicker as compared to horizontal strokes giving uneven appearance. Scaled properly.

7 Attributes of MMF (cont.) Optical Size Modifications in the character shape depending on the size at which it will be visible to the reader. At small sizes, small details like serifs and thin lines such as stems are bolder. X-height will also have larger proportions of the total font height. Characters can be extended slightly. At larger sizes, lines are delicate. Most common is from text font to display font

8 Attributes of MMF (cont.) While moving from small point sizes to large point sizes. Space between characters tightens Space within characters closes up Serifs become finer Stroke contrast becomes greater. Overall weight becomes lighter. X-height gradually diminishes. Fig 2. Optical size demonstration.

9 Attributes of MMF (cont.) Style Least use of the multiple master axis Sans serif serif, wedge serif slab serif, line Zigzag, inline shadow Fig. 3 Nine weights of a serif font created in URW++ Fig.4 Different sets of styles.

10 MoveMe MM Font Style From text font to display font. Created by Lucas De Groot. Gradually changes characters into erotic shapes. Great example of the flexibility of the Multi Master technology. Fig 5. MoveMe Font

11 Attributes of MMF (cont.) Fig 6. Weight and optical size of Minion MM typeface. X-height increases and letter become more widely spaced as the optical size decreases. Fig 7. Collection of optical sizes developed at URW++

12 Attributes of MMF (cont.) MM fonts supports 1 or 2 and occasionally 3 attributes. Myriad MM font has two axes : Weight and width Includes four master designs. Adobe Jenson MM font has axes : Weight and optical size Fig 8. Myriad MM font structure.

13 Dimensions of MMF(One dim) Depends upon the number of attributes MM font consists of. Fig 9. One dimensional MM Font You will be interpolating in only one dimension. No restriction of masters on the axis.

14 Dimensions of MMF(Two dim) Fig 10. Conversion of 1-d to 2-d Fig d with intermediate master Fig d with four masters

15 Dimensions of MMF(Three dim) The number of attributes of MM font is three in three dimensional MMF. Below if the MM font with attributes weight, width and Optical size. The attributes are represented in Vectors. Fig d with eight masters [Blend space arrangement]

16 Using MM fonts with TEX MM fonts have multiple master AFM (Adobe font metrics) files. No. of master designs No. of axes BlendDesignPositions BlendDesignMap arrays Names for the master design Weight Vector

17 Myriad MM font with TEX Contains Two design axes : Weight and width Four master designs The weights are given by W1 = (1-x)(1-y) W2 = (1-x)y W3 = x(1-y) W4 = (1-x)(1-y) x = Normalized weight y = Normalized width BlendDesignPositions [ [0 0] [1 0] [0 1] [1 1] ] BlendDesignMap [ [215 0] [830 1] [300 0] [700 1] ] BlendAxesTypes [Weight/Width]

18 Minion MM font with TEX Contains Three design axes : Weight, width and optical size Eight master designs The weights are given by W1 = xyz W2 = (1-x)yz W3 = x(1-y)z W4 = (1-x)(1-y)z W5 = xy(1-z) W6 = (1-x)y(1-z) W7 = x(1-y)(1-z) W8 = 1 - σ7 i=1 wn x = Normalized weight y = Normalized width Z = Normalized optical size Similarly, blend design map can be found by the help of the postscript code.

19 Compatibility for Interpolation Must be one-to-one correspondence between the elements (points and curves) of one master design and the other. Fig 14. Interpolation of the letter r and a

20 Compatibility for Interpolation (cont.) Element consistency No. of elements must be same for the character in each master design. Start point consistency No. of elements must be same for the character in each master designs. Subpaths and path order consistency No. of subpaths and the order and direction in which it is drawn must be same.

21 Compatibility for Interpolation (cont.) Point placement for Interpolation Carefully placed to avoid side effects. Especially when interpolating from very condensed to very extended. Side effect - kink Happen at the end point with a curve when a tangent is made between horizontal and vertical axis. Fig 15. Kink side effect and how to remove it.

22 Compatibility for Interpolation (cont.) To remove kink Position the end point such that the tangent created by the control points are same The ratio between the control points and associated end points are as close as possible. Imbalance in diagonal strokes. If present, then adjust it. Fig 16. Stokes correction

23 Compatibility for Interpolation (cont.) Crawling side effect End points are not positioned correctly. Even though the character may become little different, but minimize the relative positions of the end point and the corresponding contact points. Fig 17. Crawling phenomenon

24 Designing Multiple Master Fonts Design Strategy Atleast two designs need to be developed and tested simultaneously. Since master designs are designed explicitly, they must be crafted carefully to ensure interpolations done with them resembles. Family Name MM font name begins with choosing the basic typeface family name. Instance Font menu names Thinking how many design axes must be included in MM Font name taking into account the size it will take.

25 Designing Multiple Master Fonts (Cont.)

26 Application Support Adobe Type Manager (ATM) required for MM support on Windows and classic MAC os (9 or earlier). Atleast ATM 3.0 for 95 and 98 windows. Atleast ATM 4.1 for Windows MAC os after supports MM fonts but there are no tools to modify them.

27 Legacy of Multiple Master Fonts Multiple master Fonts has been overtaken by Opentype that came in Multiple Master still has two uses : Acting as substitutes in case of missing font in fallback font format of Acrobat Reader. Design tool for creating families of Fonts.

28 Drawbacks of Multiple Master Fonts Acquiring huge space MM Fonts took a huge space in memory. Saves every instances of the fonts we create even if we just want to try. Every font require 2 files : a bitmapped font and an outline font. Difficulty of writing consumer desktop publishing applications to support them. Font designers preferred to release fonts in specific size and style which are all fine tuned.

29 Multiple Master to Open Type Adobe and Microsoft combined developed OpenType Font as a replacement for both Postscript font like MM Font and TrueType Fonts. OpenType is a Cross platform font.

30 References Designing Multiple Master Typefaces - CDF By PN LPS Using Adobe Type 1 Multiple Master Fonts with TEX - TeX Users Group by M Goossens -mm.html setting-up-masters